Enhancing carotenoid production of marine Rhodotorula mucilaginosa YM with fruit peel extract recycling market waste using central composite design

Carotenoid produced by microorganism utilizing low-cost substrates offers a promising eco-friendly and cost-effective approach used alternative for synthetic colourants. Vegetable fruit processing wastes are the rich sources of carbohydrates, starch, cellulose, soluble sugars, minerals organic acids. In current study with waste extract medium, carotenoid production was optimized using software tools, Central Composite design. The effect pH, inoculum volume (% v v-1) incubation time (h) on marine isolate Rhodotorula mucilaginosa YM peel as sole carbon source containing peels oranges (11% w v-1), core pineapples (24% papaya (29% flesh watermelons (36% analysed Design (CCD). R. showed enhanced (51.32±0.6 mg L-1) under optimum condition pH 5.5 2% (v after 48 h time. HPLC FT-IR spectrum confirmed that has an astaxanthin compounds had sun protection properties. Thus, medium process parameters reduces time, recycles reutilizes can be further scaled up.